{"id":994407,"date":"2026-08-13T14:47:30","date_gmt":"2026-08-13T11:47:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.wayanatapas.com\/?p=994407"},"modified":"2026-08-14T11:26:20","modified_gmt":"2026-08-14T08:26:20","slug":"bergama-sarap-mirasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.wayanatapas.com\/en\/bergama-sarap-mirasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Bergama (Pergamon) ve Bak\u0131r\u00e7ay (Kaikos) Vadisi\u2019nin \u015earap Miras\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
 <\/p>\n

Bergama \u015earap Miras\u0131: Bergama’n\u0131n g\u00f6lgede kalan yan\u0131<\/h2>\n

Bergama’y\u0131 k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi, par\u015f\u00f6meni ve bug\u00fcn Berlin’de bulunan \u00fcnl\u00fc suna\u011f\u0131yla duymu\u015fsunuzdur belki, ama Bergama’n\u0131n \u015farap miras\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 muhtemelen ilk kez kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bize \u00e7ok s\u0131radan g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir ama ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z topraklar, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Neolitik D\u00f6nem\u2019den g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar uygarl\u0131k olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z geli\u015fme s\u00fcrecinin \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ev sahipli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015f. Bu geli\u015fmenin ilk \u00f6nemli merkezlerinden biri Bereketli Hilal. Yay bi\u00e7imindeki Bereketli Hilal’in kuzey b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bug\u00fcnk\u00fc G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu’yu da kaps\u0131yor. Bug\u00fcn Ta\u015f Tepeler Projesi kapsam\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bulgular, insanl\u0131k tarihinin bu erken d\u00f6nemlerine ili\u015fkin bildiklerimizi yeniden de\u011ferlendirmemize neden oluyor.<\/p>\n

Anadolu\u2019da bat\u0131ya do\u011fru ilerledi\u011fimizde ise bu kez \u0130yonya ve ard\u0131ndan Helenistik d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nemli k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yoruz. Yaln\u0131z bilimin de\u011fil, d\u00fcnya edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n temel metinlerinden \u0130lyada ve Odysseia destanlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131 da Ege’nin iki yakas\u0131nda ve Bat\u0131 Anadolu co\u011frafyas\u0131nda \u015fekillenmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n konusu \u00fclkemizdeki en \u00f6nemli antik kentlerden biri olan Bergama. Elbette bizim Bergama\u2019y\u0131 ele al\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z kendi alan\u0131m\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olacak:<\/p>\n

Bergama\u2019n\u0131n ba\u011flar\u0131 ve \u015faraplar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda kay\u0131tlar ve bulgular bize neler s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Bergama<\/h2>\n

K\u0131saca Bergama Antik Kenti<\/h2>\n

\u0130zmir\u2019in Bergama il\u00e7esinde yer alan Pergamon, Helenistik ve Roma d\u00f6nemlerinde Ege d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli siyasi, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve bilimsel merkezlerinden biri olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Dik bir tepeye kurulu Akropol, antik d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en etkileyici tiyatrolar\u0131ndan biri, Dionysos Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerinden en ba\u015fta geleni bulunuyordu. Kent ayn\u0131 zamanda antik d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezlerinden Asklepion\u2019a ve t\u0131p tarihinin en etkili isimlerinden Hekim Galenos\u2019a yurt oldu.<\/p>\n

Fakat Pergamon’u yaln\u0131zca Akropol’den ibaret d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

Kentin y\u00fckseldi\u011fi tepenin alt\u0131nda Kaikos, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131yla Bak\u0131r\u00e7ay Vadisi uzan\u0131yordu. Nehrin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu geni\u015f ova ile Madra ve Yunt da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evreledi\u011fi hinterland, Pergamon’un tar\u0131msal ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n da temelini olu\u015fturuyordu.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Bergama\u2019n\u0131n \u015farap miras\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in Akropol\u2019den a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 inip Bak\u0131r\u00e7ay Vadisi\u2019ne ve oradan \u00e7evredeki yerle\u015fimlere bakmak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Bergama<\/p>\n

Kaikos (Bak\u0131r\u00e7ay) Vadisi: Do\u011fan\u0131n Bereketi ve E\u015fsiz Teruar<\/h2>\n

Ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n kaderini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde co\u011frafya belirler.<\/p>\n

Antik \u00c7a\u011f\u2019\u0131n Kaikos Vadisi, nehrin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu geni\u015f al\u00fcvyal ova, \u00e7evresindeki y\u00fckseltiler ve Ege k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lan co\u011frafi konumuyla Pergamon’un tar\u0131msal hinterland\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyordu.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn antik d\u00f6nemde ba\u011flar\u0131n vadinin hangi b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde ve ne yo\u011funlukta bulundu\u011funu g\u00f6sterecek ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir ba\u011f haritas\u0131na sahip de\u011filiz. Bu nedenle Pergamon’un bug\u00fcnk\u00fc anlam\u0131yla tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f tek bir \u201c\u015farap teruar\u0131ndan\u201d s\u00f6z etmek do\u011fru olmaz.<\/p>\n

Ancak arkeolojik buluntular, antik metinler, \u00e7evredeki kentlerin sikkelerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00fcz\u00fcm ve Dionysos ikonografisi, ayr\u0131ca Pergamon’da bulunan \u015farap ticaretiyle ili\u015fkili amforalar bir araya geldi\u011finde, ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k ve \u015farab\u0131n bu co\u011frafyan\u0131n ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan biri oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\u00dcstelik Pergamon’u \u015farap tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ilgin\u00e7 k\u0131lan yaln\u0131zca \u00fcz\u00fcm yeti\u015ftirilmesi de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n

\u015earap burada tar\u0131mdan dine, ticaretten t\u0131bba kadar birbirinden olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 alanlarda farkl\u0131 g\u00f6revler \u00fcstleniyordu.<\/p>\n

\"Bergama<\/p>\n

Dionysos ve Krall\u0131k K\u00fclt\u00fc<\/h2>\n

Bergama\u2019da \u015farap yaln\u0131zca g\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam\u0131n ve tar\u0131msal ekonominin bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fildi. \u015earab\u0131n tanr\u0131s\u0131 Dionysos, kentin dinsel ve siyasal d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda da son derece \u00f6nemli bir yere sahipti.<\/p>\n

Akropol\u2019\u00fcn bat\u0131 yamac\u0131ndaki \u00fcnl\u00fc tiyatro teras\u0131n\u0131n kuzey ucunda Dionysos Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 y\u00fckseliyordu. Bu konum bile Dionysos, tiyatro ve kamusal ya\u015fam aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermeye yeter.<\/p>\n

Fakat Pergamon’daki Dionysos k\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn bundan daha \u00f6zel bir yan\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Burada Dionysos’a, Dionysos Kathegemon<\/strong>, yani \u201c\u00f6nder\u201d ya da \u201cyol g\u00f6steren Dionysos\u201d kimli\u011fiyle tap\u0131l\u0131yordu. Attalos Hanedan\u0131 Dionysos Kathegemon k\u00fclt\u00fcyle yak\u0131n bir ili\u015fki kurmu\u015f, tanr\u0131y\u0131 hanedan\u0131n temsil d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli unsurlar\u0131ndan biri haline getirmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece Dionysos yaln\u0131zca \u015farab\u0131n, ba\u011fbozumunun, co\u015fkunun ve tiyatronun tanr\u0131s\u0131 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor; krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n kamusal ve siyasal kimli\u011finin de bir par\u00e7as\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Tiyatronun hemen yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndaki Dionysos Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 bu ili\u015fkinin bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc mimari ifadelerinden biridir.<\/p>\n

Bergama’n\u0131n \u015farap tarihindeki belki de en ilgin\u00e7 hik\u00e2yesi ise birka\u00e7 y\u00fczy\u0131l sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu kez sahnede bir tanr\u0131 de\u011fil, bir hekim vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"Bergama<\/p>\n

Bergama \u015farap miras\u0131, Bergamal\u0131 Galenos ve \u015farab\u0131n ila\u00e7 h\u00e2li<\/h2>\n

Bergama \u015farap miras\u0131n\u0131 Ege\u2019deki di\u011fer merkezlerden ay\u0131ran en \u00f6zg\u00fcn boyutlardan biri, \u015farab\u0131n t\u0131p bilimiyle kurdu\u011fu ili\u015fkidir.<\/p>\n

MS 129 civar\u0131nda Pergamon\u2019da do\u011fan Klaudios Galenos, Hippokrates’ten sonra antik t\u0131p tarihinin en etkili isimlerinden biri oldu. Gen\u00e7li\u011finde Pergamon’daki t\u0131p \u00e7evresinde yeti\u015fen Galenos, bir d\u00f6nem gladyat\u00f6rlerin hekimi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131; daha sonra Roma’ya giderek imparator Marcus Aurelius’un yak\u0131n \u00e7evresinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

Galenos i\u00e7in \u015farap yaln\u0131zca keyif veren bir i\u00e7ecek de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n

\u015earaplar\u0131, renkleri, yo\u011funluklar\u0131, ya\u015flar\u0131, tatlar\u0131 ve insan bedeni \u00fczerindeki etkileri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirdi. De Antidotis <\/strong>(Panzehirler \u00dczerine<\/em>) dahil \u00e7e\u015fitli eserlerinde farkl\u0131 \u015faraplar\u0131n t\u0131bbi preparatlarda nas\u0131l kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Galenos’un uygulamalar\u0131nda \u015farap, kimi ila\u00e7lar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda bir ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 ve bile\u015fen olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor, baz\u0131 durumlarda besleyici \u00f6zellikleri nedeniyle de\u011ferlendiriliyor, yaralar\u0131n temizlenmesinde de \u00f6nemli bir ara\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6rev \u00fcstleniyordu.<\/p>\n

Galenos’un gladyat\u00f6rlerin yaralar\u0131n\u0131 \u015farapla temizledi\u011fine ili\u015fkin kay\u0131tlar \u00f6zellikle dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Bug\u00fcn\u00fcn mikrop teorisinden yakla\u015f\u0131k on yedi y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fayan Galenos elbette bunun neden i\u015fe yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 modern anlamda a\u00e7\u0131klayam\u0131yordu. Ancak g\u00f6zlem yoluyla \u015farab\u0131n yaralar\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilme s\u00fcrecindeki i\u015flevini fark etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u015earap ile t\u0131p aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki Galenos’un d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda bundan da ileri gidiyordu. Baz\u0131 \u015faraplar\u0131n kan olu\u015fumuna ve beslenmeye di\u011ferlerinden daha uygun oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor, hangi \u015farab\u0131n hangi ama\u00e7la kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re ay\u0131r\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece Pergamon’da kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u015farab\u0131n olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 bir y\u00fcz\u00fc \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor:<\/p>\n

Dionysos Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131’nda kutsal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlam ta\u015f\u0131yan \u015farap, Galenos’un elinde farmakolojinin ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan birine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Bergama<\/p>\n

Hinterland ve Ticaret: Kozak\u2019tan Amfora Yollar\u0131na<\/h2>\n

Pergamon’un \u015farap d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131zca kent merkezine bakarak anlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Kentin kuzeyindeki y\u00fcksek Kozak y\u00f6resi ile \u00e7evredeki Perperene ve Aigai gibi antik yerle\u015fimlerde Dionysos ve \u00fcz\u00fcmle ili\u015fkili ikonografiye rastlanmas\u0131, ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k ve \u015farap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn daha geni\u015f bir b\u00f6lgesel d\u00fcnyaya ait oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle Perperene sikkelerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00fcz\u00fcm salk\u0131mlar\u0131 ve Dionysos fig\u00fcrleri bunun dikkat \u00e7ekici \u00f6rnekleri aras\u0131nda. Bu imgeler tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u015farab\u0131n b\u00f6lge ekonomisinin temel \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamaz; ancak ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k ve Dionysos k\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00f6lgenin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kimli\u011finde \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip oldu\u011funa g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bi\u00e7imde i\u015faret eder.<\/p>\n

Pergamon’daki arkeolojik buluntular hik\u00e2yenin ba\u015fka bir boyutunu daha ortaya koyuyor: ticaret.<\/p>\n

Antik d\u00fcnyada \u015farap, zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ve ba\u015fka \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin uzun mesafeli ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u00e7ift kulplu ticari amforalar kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Pergamon kaz\u0131lar\u0131nda bulunan \u00e7ok say\u0131daki damgal\u0131 amfora kulpu, \u00f6zellikle Rodos ile Pergamon aras\u0131ndaki ticari ili\u015fkinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda arkeologlar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir kaynak haline geldi.<\/p>\n

Nitekim 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki kaz\u0131larda bulunan yakla\u015f\u0131k 900 Rodos amfora m\u00fchr\u00fcnden olu\u015fan \u00fcnl\u00fc \u201cPergamon Deposit\u201d, bug\u00fcn bile Helenistik d\u00f6nem Rodos amforalar\u0131n\u0131n tarihlendirilmesinde kullan\u0131lan temel arkeolojik referanslardan biridir.<\/p>\n

Bu buluntular Pergamon’un yaln\u0131zca kendi hinterland\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini t\u00fcketen kapal\u0131 bir kent olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; Ege’nin daha geni\u015f ticaret a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Ancak elimizdeki verilerden hareketle belirli bir \u201cKaikos \u015farab\u0131n\u0131n\u201d Pergamon’dan Akdeniz’e ihra\u00e7 edildi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek i\u00e7in hen\u00fcz yeterli kan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131z yok.<\/p>\n

Bazen arkeolojinin s\u00f6yledi\u011fi kadar s\u00f6ylemedi\u011fi \u015feylere de kulak vermek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze Ula\u015fan Bir Teruar Miras\u0131<\/h2>\n

Antik Pergamon’da \u00e7ift\u00e7i, t\u00fcccar, rahip ve hekim ayn\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcne farkl\u0131 anlamlar y\u00fckl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00dcz\u00fcm \u00e7ift\u00e7i i\u00e7in tar\u0131msal bir \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc. \u015earap t\u00fcccar i\u00e7in Ege’nin ticaret a\u011flar\u0131nda dola\u015fan bir mald\u0131. Dionysos k\u00fclt\u00fcnde kutsal bir anlam kazan\u0131yor, Galenos’un elinde ise t\u0131bbi bir araca d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn Bergama\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7evresini antik \u00e7a\u011fdaki gibi ba\u011flarla ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir co\u011frafya olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

Ama hik\u00e2ye tamamen sona ermi\u015f de de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

\u0130zmir B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi birka\u00e7 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Bergama’n\u0131n Kozak y\u00f6resine \u00f6zg\u00fc, kaybolma tehlikesi alt\u0131ndaki Kozak Beyaz\u0131 ve Kozak Siyah\u0131<\/strong> \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitlerini yeniden canland\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flatt\u0131. Manisa Ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’nden temin edilen fidanlarla \u00fcreticilere yeni ba\u011flar kuruldu ve bu iki yerel \u00e7e\u015fidin yeniden \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ilk ad\u0131mlar at\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kozak Beyaz\u0131 ve Kozak Siyah\u0131 bug\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak sofral\u0131k \u00fcz\u00fcm kimli\u011fiyle biliniyor. Bunlar\u0131n \u015farapl\u0131k potansiyellerinin ne oldu\u011funu ise hen\u00fcz bilmiyoruz.<\/p>\n

Ama tam da bu noktada Bergama’n\u0131n binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k hik\u00e2yesiyle bug\u00fcn aras\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve g\u00fczel bir ba\u011f kuruluyor.<\/p>\n

Bir yanda Akropol’\u00fcn tiyatrosunun yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda y\u00fckselen Dionysos Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131, di\u011fer yanda \u015farab\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren Bergamal\u0131 Galenos; vadide dola\u015fan Rodos amforalar\u0131 ve bug\u00fcn Kozak’\u0131n topraklar\u0131na yeniden dikilen iki yerel \u00fcz\u00fcm…<\/p>\n

Aralar\u0131nda iki bin y\u0131ldan fazla zaman var.<\/p>\n

Belki de mesele Bergama’n\u0131n eski \u015farap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden yaratmak de\u011fil. Zaten ge\u00e7mi\u015f hi\u00e7bir zaman ayn\u0131 bi\u00e7imde geri d\u00f6nm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Ama Bak\u0131r\u00e7ay Vadisi ve Kozak’\u0131n yama\u00e7lar\u0131 bu co\u011frafyan\u0131n binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 yeniden hat\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in bize h\u00e2l\u00e2 bir f\u0131rsat sunuyor.<\/p><\/div>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bergama\u2019n\u0131n al\u00fcvyonlu Bak\u0131r\u00e7ay Vadisi\u2019nden Akropol\u2019\u00fcn dik yama\u00e7lar\u0131na ve Asklepion\u2019un \u015fifa t\u00fcnellerine uzanan binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k \u015farap ve ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k miras\u0131n\u0131n izini s\u00fcr\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":994413,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[277],"tags":[87,1918,1917,1919,1921,1920,248],"class_list":["post-994407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antik-sarap-kentleri","tag-anadolu","tag-bakircay-vadisi","tag-bergama-sarap-mirasi","tag-kaikos-vadisi","tag-kozak-yaylasi","tag-pergamon","tag-terroir"],"yoast_head":"\nBergama (Pergamon) ve Bak\u0131r\u00e7ay (Kaikos) Vadisi\u2019nin \u015earap Miras\u0131 - Lagar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bergama'n\u0131n Akropol teraslar\u0131ndan Asklepion'un \u015fifa t\u00fcnellerine: Antik Kaikos Vadisi'nin ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k miras\u0131, Hekim Galen'in t\u0131bbi \u015farap re\u00e7eteleri ve Kozak terroir'\u0131.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bergama (Pergamon) ve Bak\u0131r\u00e7ay (Kaikos) Vadisi\u2019nin \u015earap Miras\u0131 - 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